形容词、副词
(一) 知识概要
形容词的用法很活跃，在英语中用处也很多，但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同，要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如下：many, no, several, some, a few, a lot, lots, plenty, plenty of, a lot of, a large number of, enough。而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下：much, no, some, a lot, a great deal, lots, plenty, a lot of, plenty of。其中some, no, a lot of, plenty of既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分，其规则如下：
原 级 比较级 最高级 构词法加er，或est
Tall taller tallest
只加r或st
large larger largest
重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音 字母时双写该字母加er、est
big bigger biggest
不规则变化的形容词或副词：
原 级 比较级 最高级
good better best
Well better best
bad worse worst
badly worse worst
many more most
most more most
little less lest
far farther further farthest furthest
old olderelder oldesteldest
要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词，如：back, all, alone, either, far, high, slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词，其规律如下：
构词法 形容词 副 词
一般加ly Careful
kind kindly carefully
尾是y时将y变成i加ly Happy
busy busily
其 他 true truly
在学习过程中要注意其变化。
此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有：much, yet, far, still, a great deal, even 和a little. 能修饰最高级的有：the very, much the, far等。
(二) 例题解析
1 I think Chinese is ＿＿＿ than maths.
Ａ. interesting B more interesting
C. most interesting D. the most interesting
［答案］ B.
［析］ 在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。
2 - What does Lucy like better, singing or dancing?
- Singing. of course. She's known to ＿＿＿ it.
A. be good at B. be good for
C. be bad at D. be bad for
［答案］ A.
［析］ be good at为固定搭配，意为"擅长作某事"。初中英语中有些这样的固定用法应记牢，而不能似是而非。如：be good at, be bad at, be poor in, be week in, be fit for
3 The Huang He River is one of ＿＿＿ in China.
A. The long river B. the longest river
C. the longest rivers D. the longer river
［答案］ C.
［析］ 在one of + 定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。
4 The girl was ＿＿＿ afraid ＿＿＿ she threw her bag away.
A. so, that B. too, to C. too, that D. enough, to
［答案］ A.
［析］ so…that为"如此怎样以至于如何"，此句意思是：小女孩如此害怕以至于扔下包跑掉了。而too…to的意思为"如何如何，以至于不能作某事"。但to的后面是动词原形，而不是从句。
5 It was ＿＿＿ yesterday than today.
A. hot B. hoter
C. hotter D. the hottest
［答案］ C.
［析］ 用than表达比较的句中应用比较级 。
6 Which subject do you like ＿＿＿ , English Chinese or maths?
A. best B. well
C. better D. good
［答案］ A.
［析］ 在两者之间应用比较级，而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。
7 None of the students watched it ＿＿＿ .
A. careful enough B. enough carefully
C. carefully enough D. enough careful
［答案］ C.
［析］ 首先应判定是选用用来修饰名词的形容词还是用来修饰动词的副词。这里是修饰watch这一动词，应选用副词。当enough用来修饰副词或形容词时应放于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。
8 ＿＿＿ she eats, ＿＿＿ she'll be.
A. More…fat B. The more…fatter
C. More…the fatter D. The more…the fatter
［答案］ D.
［析］ the+比较级表示"越来越……"本句应译为：她吃得越多，她就会越胖。
9 I don't think English is ＿＿＿ Chinese.
A. as important as B. not important as
C. not so important D. important as
［答案］ A.
［析］ think+宾语从句时，应采用否定主句的形式，如：中文讲，"我认为你不对"，英文应为："我不认为你对"。 I don't think you are right. 所以不能选答案B。而C、D均为不正确的表达法。
10 Miss Gao is a good English teacher. The students in her class ＿＿＿ English.A. are interested in B. are interesting in
C. are interested at D. are interesting to
［答案］ A.
［析］ 过去分词常用来修饰人，而现在分词常用来修饰物，如：an interesting book， 实际上过去分词含有被动之意，如：interested 其含意是"被……所吸引，感动"。而interesting 则为"使人感兴趣的"，如：an interesting man 一个有趣、风趣的人。
11 The twins are together most of the time. So they never feel ＿＿＿ .
A. alone B. lonely
C. happily D. friendly
［答案］ B.
［析］ alone意为"独自的，一个人的"，它只能作表语不能作定语。I am not alone in doing such a thing.而lonely 意为"寂寞的，孤单的"，如：The old man felt lonely. 要体会两个词的区别，如：The old man lived alone, but he didn't feel lonely.
12 What a ＿＿＿ cough! You seem ＿＿＿ ill.
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