◎ 一般现在时
[课本原句] You should always speak English in class. 你应该在课堂上说英语。(Unit 1, P2)
But it takes a long time. 但花费太长的时间了。(Unit 2, P4)
[解析] 首先我们知道,一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的行为时常与一些频度副词连用。如:usually, often, always, sometimes, never, seldom等。
谓语动词若是be动词,用am, is和are;如果含有情态动词,用“情态动词+动词原形”;若含有实义动词则用动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式。
注意:在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。如:
If you don't go soon, you'll be late. 如果你不快点去,你会迟到的。
◎ 一般过去时
[课本原句] I left my homework at home. 我把家庭作业忘在家里了。(Unit 3, P7)
[解析] 一般过去时表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过去反复发生的动作。常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday, yesterday morning / afternoon / evening, last week / month ..., in 2006等连用。
注意:过去时的谓语形式:
1. be的过去式有两个:was (是is,am的过去式) ;were(是are的过去式)。2.行为动词的过去式一般在词尾加-ed。(不规则变化的动词请参看不规则动词表。)
◎ 一般将来时
[课本原句] I'm going to meet my pen friend in Beijing this term. 本学期我将在北京与我的笔友见面。(Unit 1, P2)
How will Mary help him? 玛丽将怎样帮助他?(Unit 3, P6)
[解析] 一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow, next week, this term, from now on, later (on), tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening等连用。常见两种表达形式:(1)“助动词will / shall + 动词原形”;(2)“be going to +动词原形”。如:
What shall we do in our English class tomorrow? 明天的英语课上我们将做什么?
I'm going to see my uncle this evening. 我打算今晚去看望我叔叔。
另外,come, go, start, move, leave, travel等动词常用进行时态表示按计划将要做的事。如:
The whole family's going for a picnic. 全家人将要去野餐。
◎ 现在进行时
[课本原句] ... and they're doing some concerts in China. ……他们正在中国举办音乐会。
(Unit 1, P2)
[解析] 现在进行时由“am / is / are +现在分词”构成,表示现在正在进行的动作或存在的状态。其时间状语为now, at this moment, at present等。(由Look!Listen!等开头的句子也常用现在进行时),也可从上下文体现出来。
注意:“连系动词 + 介词 / 副词”也可表示正在进行的意义。如:He is at work. 他正在工作。
[试一试] 根据提示,完成句子。
1. What ________ (happen) to her yesterday evening?
2. Liu Hai always ________ (help)Granny Wang with her housework.
3. —What's the child doing?
—He ________ (watch) TV.
4. There ________ (be) a football match on TV this afternoon.
5. They ________ (not play) tennis on the playground yesterday afternoon.
(参考答案:1. happened 2. helps 3. is watching 4. will / is going to be 5. didn't play)