中考英语：虚拟语气语法专项讲解

　　英语中的语气分为三类：

　　陈述语气(用于陈述句、疑问句、感叹句)

　　祈使语气(用于祈使句)

　　虚拟语气(用于条件状语从句、宾语从句等)

　　一、虚拟语气

　　如果所说的不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、建议或是一种实现不了的空想，就用虚拟语气。

　　二、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法

　　1、真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句

　　If he doesn't hurry up, he will miss the bus.( 真实条件状语)

　　If he was free, he asked me to tell stories.(真实条件状语)

　　If I were you, I would go at once.(非真实条件状语从句)

　　If there was no air, people would die.(非真实条件状语从句)

　　2、虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法及动词形式

　　① 表示与现在事实相反的情况

　　(条件)从句谓语动词形式主句谓语动词形式

　　谓语动词用过去式(be用were) should/would/could/might+动词原形

　　eg：If I were you, I'd take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。(事实：我不可能是你)

　　If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.

　　如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。(事实：不知道)

　　If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)

　　If I had any money with me, I could lend you some.

　　如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。(事实：没带钱)

　　If he studied harder, he might pass the exam.如果他在努力些，就能通过考试了。(事实：学习不用功)

　　②表示与过去事实相反的情况

　　从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式

　　Had+过去分词 Should/would/could/might+have+过去分词

　　eg If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.

　　如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。(事实：去晚了)

　　If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.