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来源:. 作者:. 2010-04-12 09:04:03
例6.听对话后选择与对话意思相近的句子。
( )A.She can’t have breakfast first.
B. She can have breakfast first.
C.She can’t have lunch first.
D.She can’t have supper first.
录音原文:
A:Can you have breakfast first,Mary?
B:No, I can’t. I must wait for my mother.
[评析]本题属于对话理解题中选择与对话意思相近的句子的题型。这类试题就是考查考生对所听对话内容的理解,选择出能体现对话主题内容的句子。一般说来,在对话中,第一个人的讲话是对话的背景衬托和提出话题的前提,第二个人的讲话是对第一发言者的反应,是对话主题内容所在。听音前先快速浏览一下本题的书面选择项,从中可以得到某些信息和提示,预测该对话的主题是关于“她”能否先吃饭的问题,带着“能否”和“吃哪餐饭”这两个问题去听对话录音,就能有的放矢地捕捉到所需要的有关信息,迅速选出本题的正确答案A。
对话理解题的一般解题思路是:
1、听前分析、了解信息、把握话题。听音前先快速浏览所给的书面材料,通过分析比较,可以从中得到某些信息和提示,从而预测和把握对话的话题和中心内容。
2、静听对话、捕捉信息、适当记录。在对备选项进行分析、预测了对话的主题后,要以对话人角色进入语境,静听双方所说的话。在听懂大意的同时,有的放矢地捕捉关键信息,必要时作些适当记录,以便作为判断依据。听音过程中对那些显而易见的答案要当机立断,及时作出正确选择。
3、合理推测、善于取舍、核对复查。听完对话录音后,要善于就对话中各种已知信息相互间联系进行合理推测判断,侧重于特定情景对话中的语义理解,经过分析处理,排除音、形、义上与对话内容相近的干扰项,通过合理取舍,选定正确答案。最后再对每一选定的答案进行核对复查,确保无误。
做对话理解题时应注意如下几点:
1、对话题材广泛,涉及考生学习生活的话题较多,考生应熟练掌握各主题对话的英语表达并注意英、汉表达的不同,才能使对话准确得体。
2、一部分对话中,第二发言者针对前者的提问所作的回答,往往就是谈话的关键内容,通常成为对话后问题提问集中的焦点。因此,听清第二发言者针对第一个发言者的提问所作的回答十分重要。
3.听对话后试题给出的问题多数是以特殊疑问句出现,考生要注意听清问句的句首词,以便确定提问的内容。提问的内容大致分为两类,一类是就对话中的某一具体事实或部分内容提问,涉及对话的时间、地点、人物、行为、状态等。另一类是就对话中各种已知信息相互间联系进行推理提问,涉及到原因、后果、身份、职业以及计算、推理等。第二类的问题比较难,一般在原对话中找不到直接答案,要通过联想、推理、计算、归纳等多种途径才能得到。
4、连贯较长对话理解题由于对话提供的信息较多,且就对话内容连续提出若干个问题,试题难度相对比较大。因此听音前快速浏览该题各个问题的书面选择项,推测对话的背景、对话双方的相互关系和主要话题就成了做好这类试题的关键。听音时还要特别注意作简要记录,以免遗漏信息。
5、听对话时要注意说话者说话的语调和重音,这样才能更好地揣摩说话者的意图,正确理解和把握每句话的内容。
③短文理解题解题思路与技巧
例7.听短文后判断所给句子的正确与错误。
( )1.The Frenchman worked in England.
( )2.Every day the Frenchman did some reading after he went to class.
( )3.Sometimes his friend hung his cage on a tree or on his window upstairs.
( )4.One day the cage fell off the Frenchman’s hand.
( )5.The Frenchman wanted to look at what was happening.
录音原文:
A Frenchman came to England to study English. He lived at his English
friend’s home. Every morning he often did some reading by the window before he
went to class.
His friend had a bird. Every morning his friend hung his cage on a tree in
his garden or on his window upstairs.
One morning when his friend took out his birdcage and tried to hang it on the
window upstairs, the cage suddenly fell off his hand. So he shouted,“Look
out!”As soon as he heard the shout, the Frenchman put his head out of the window
and tried to look at what was happening. The cage was just in time hit him on
the head.
[评析]
本题属于对话理解正误判断题。听音前先快速浏览要判定的5个句子,捕捉字面信息,通过推测,可以获得这样一个初步印象。该短文涉及的内容是一位法国人在英国经历的某件事。这位法国人在英国或是工作或是在校学习。一天他朋友的鸟笼从上面跌落下来,或是落到了他的头上或是他出来看到底发生了什么事。根据这些听前推测,在第一遍听音时只听不写,将眼光落在待判定的句子上,集中注意力,注意捕捉到与句子判定有关的关键信息词。在听懂短文内容的基础上,第二遍听音时就可边听边判断,必要时作出记录,这样很快就可以作出正确的判断。本题的正确答案是1、F
2、F 3、T 4、F 5、T。答案确定后,在第三遍听音时再进行检查复核,以确保正确无误。
例8.听短文后选择正确的答案。
( )1、Mike got up at about ____one cloudy morning.
A.7:15 B.6:45 C.6:15 D.7:45
( )2、He put his books into the bag after he_____.
A.left the house B.saw his friend
C.got to school D.washed his face
( )3、He left home_____.
A.without breakfast B.after a quick breakfast
C.with his brother D.with his sister
( )4、On his way,he met his best friend,_______.
A.Jim B.Tom C.Bob D.John
( )5、Both of them______that morning.
A.went to school late B.played on way to school
C.were late for class D.forgot that they had no class
录音原文:
It was a cloudy morning. Mike woke up and suddenly found it was already
6:45.“It’s very late,”he thought. He got up quickly, jumped out of the bed,
washed his face, put his books into the bag, and ran out of the house without
breakfast. On his way, he met his best friend Bob.“Bob, we must hurry up, or
we’ll be late.”he said. Then they ran all the way to school. When they got
there, they found that they had no class that day. At that moment they
remembered it was Saturday.
[评析]本题属于短文理解选择题,属于中等难度的听力试题。它不但考查听音理解能力,要求考生能听懂短文大意,而且还侧重于考查记忆能力、逻辑思维判断能力,要求考生能记住有关事实或数据,并能据此进行正确的判断和选择。听音前先快速浏览试题所给的5个问题及选项,根据所提供的信息,可以推测出短文所涉及的内容是关于麦克一天早晨如何匆匆忙忙地赶去学校上课的情景。5个问题的内容分别涉及麦克几点起床;什么时间才把书放进书包;他是否吃了早饭上学;在路上他碰到了谁以及那天早晨他究竟出了什么差错。带着这些听前分析的问题开始听录音。第一遍听音时只听不记,把注意力集中在有关问题的内容上,把握全文大意。第二遍听音时边听边看边记,重点把短文中有关内容与相关的题目对上号,分析判断后就能很快选出正确的答案,即:1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.D。第三遍听音时再对所选定的答案进行验证复查,以避免疏忽造成的错误。
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